The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 6 , Pages 1012-1017.e1 , December 2010

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke and Academic Performance in Non-Smoking Adolescents

Received 26 January 2010 ,Revised 24 March 2010 ,Accepted 8 June 2010.

References 

  1. Herrmann M, King K, Weitzman M. Prenatal tobacco smoke and postnatal secondhand smoke exposure and child neurodevelopment (review). Curr Opin Pediatr. 2008;20:184–190
  2. US Department of Health and Human Services. The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke: a report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Coordinating Center for Health Promotion, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health; 2006.
  3. Kafouri S, Leonard G, Perron M, Richer L, Seguin JR, Veillette S, et al. Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and cognitive performance in adolescence. Int J Epidemiol. 2009;38:158–172
  4. Collins BN, Wileyto EP, Murphy MFG, Munafò MR. Adolescent environmental tobacco smoke exposure predicts academic achievement test failure. J Adolesc Health. 2007;41:363–370
  5. Bauman KE, Flewelling RL, LaPrelle J. Parental cigarette smoking and cognitive performance of children. Health Psychol. 1991;10:282–288
  6. Yolton K, Dietrich K, Auinger P, Lanphear BP, Hornung R. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and cognitive abilities among US children and adolescents. Environ Health Perspect. 2005;113:98–103
  7. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey Collaborative Group. Tobacco use among youth: a cross country comparison. Tob Control. 2002;11:252–270
  8. Census and Statistics Department. Hong Kong annual digest of statistics. 2004.
  9. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (revised edition). New York: Academic Press; 1977;
  10. Mullis RL, Rathge R, Mullis AK. Predictors of academic performance during early adolescence: a contextual view. Int J Behav Dev. 2003;27:541–548
  11. Lam TH, Janghorbani M, Hedley AJ, Ho SY, McGhee SM, Chan B. Public opinion on smoke-free policies in restaurants and predicted effect on patronage in Hong Kong. Tob Control. 2002;11:195–200
  12. Swan GE, Lessov-Schlaggar CN. The effects of tobacco smoke and nicotine on cognition and the brain. Neuropsychol Rev. 2007;17:259–273
  13. Akhtar PC, Currie DB, Currie CE, Haw SJ. Changes in child exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (CHETS) study after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Scotland: national cross sectional survey. BMJ. 2007;335:545–549
  14. Llewellyn DJ, Lang IA, Langa KM, Naughton F, Matthews FE. Exposure to secondhand smoke and cognitive impairment in non-smokers: national cross sectional study with cotinine measurement. BMJ. 2009;338:b462
  15. Diego MA, Field TM, Sanders CE. Academic performance, popularity, and depression predict adolescent substance use. Adolescence. 2003;38:35-42
  16. Tucker JS, Ellickson PL, Klein DJ. Predictors of the transition to regular smoking during adolescence and young adulthood. J Adolesc Health. 2003;32:314–324
  17. Sharif I, Sargent JD. Association between television, movie, and video game exposure and school performance. Pediatrics. 2006;118:1061–1070
  18. Lam TH, Hedley AJ, Chung SF, Macfarlane DJ. (on behalf of Child Health and Activity Research Group). Passive smoking and respiratory symptoms in primary school children in Hong Kong. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1999;18:218–223
  19. Curcio G, Ferrara M, Gennaro LD. Sleep loss, learning capacity and academic performance. Sleep Med Rev. 2006;10:323–337
  20. Nakata A, Takahashi M, Haratani T, Ikeda T, Hojou M, Fujioka Y, et al. Association of active and passive smoking with sleep disturbances and short sleep duration among Japanese working population. Int J Behav Med. 2008;15:81–91
  21. Tavani CM, Losh SC. Motivation, self-confidence, and expectations as predictors of the academic performances among our high school students. Child Study J. 2003;33:141–151
  22. Heyneman SP, Loxley WA. The effect of primary-school quality on academic achievement across twenty-nine high- and low-income countries. Am J Sociol. 1983;88:1162–1194
  23. Flouris AD, Faught BE, Klentrou P. Cardiovascular disease risk in adolescent smokers: evidence of a "smoker lifestyle. J Child Health Care. 2008;12:221–231
  24. Marshall L, Schooley M, Ryan H, Cox P, Easton A, Healton C, et al. Youth tobacco surveillance—United States, 2001-2002. Mor Mortal Wkly Rep CDC Surveill Summ. 2006;55:SS-3
  25. Thomas RE, Perera R. School-based programmes for preventing smoking (review). The Cochrane Collaboration. 2006;3:CD001293
  26. Lam TH, Chung SF, Betson CL, Wong CM, Hedley AJ. Respiratory symptoms due to active and passive smoking in junior secondary school students in Hong Kong. Int J Epidemiol. 1998;27:41–48
  27. Lam TH, He Y, Li LS, Li LS, He SF, Liang BQ. Mortality attributable to cigarette smoking in China. JAMA. 1997;278:1505–1508
  28. Lam TH, Ho LM, Hedley AJ, Adab P, Fielding R, McGhee SM, et al. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure among police officers in Hong Kong. JAMA. 2000;284:756–763
  29. Lam TH, Ho LM, Hedley AJ, Adab P, Fielding R, McGhee SM, et al. Secondhand smoke and respiratory ill health in current smokers. Tob Control. 2005;14:307–314
  30. Murad L. Perspectives on Business and Economics. Hong Kong's education system: challenge for the future. Hong Kong: Asia's World City; 2002;20
  31. The Hongkong Federation of Youth Groups. A study on how Hong Kong young people cope with stress. Youth Study Ser. 2004;Iss 33
  32. Census and Statistics Department. Hong Kong annual digest of statistics. 2007.
  33. Hong Kong Examination and Assessment Authority. Examination results release. 2008.
  34. Lai HK, Ho SY, Lam TH. Exposure to secondhand smoke and academic performance among never smoking secondary school students in Hong Kong. In: Health and sustainable development: challenges and opportunities. Annual Scientific Meeting, Hong Kong College of Community Medicine, 2008; free paper 6, lecture. Available at: http://www.hkccm.org.hk.
  35. Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Article 26. Geneva, Switzerland: Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights; 1948. Available at http://www.unhchr.ch/udhr/lang/eng.htm.
  36. Wang CP, Ma SJ, Xu XF, Wang JF, Mei CZ, Yang GH. The prevalence of household secondhand smoking exposure and its correlated factors in 6 counties of China. Tob Control. 2009;18:121–126

 Supported by Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health and the Department of Health (The Government of Hong Kong S.A.R.). The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(10)00504-4

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.06.013

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 6 , Pages 1012-1017.e1 , December 2010

Article Tools