The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 5 , Pages 832-836.e1 , November 2010

Malicious Use of Pharmaceuticals in Children

  • Shan Yin, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Dr Shan Yin, 777 Bannock, MC 0180, Denver, CO 80204.

Received 29 January 2010 ,Revised 19 April 2010 ,Accepted 24 May 2010.

References 

  1. Legano L, McHugh MT, Palusci VJ. Child abuse and neglect. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2009;39(31):e1–26
  2. Tomashek KM, Hsia J, Iyasu S. Trends in postneonatal mortality attributable to injury, United States, 1988-1998. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1219–1225
  3. Kellogg ND. Evaluation of suspected child physical abuse. Pediatrics. 2007;119:1232–1241
  4. Herman-Giddens ME, Brown G, Verbiest S, Carlson PJ, Hooten EG, Howel E, et al. Underascertainment of child abuse mortality in the United States. JAMA. 1999;282:463–467
  5. Campbell TA, Collins KA. Pediatric toxicologic deaths: a 10-year retrospective study. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2001;22:184–187
  6. Sauvageau A, Racette S. Child and adolescent victims in forensic autopsy: a 5-year retrospective study. J Forensic Sci. 2008;53:699–702
  7. Naso C, Jenkins AJ, Younger D. A study of drug detection in a postmortem pediatric population. J Forensic Sci. 2008;53:483–490
  8. Holstege CP, Dobmeier SG. Criminal poisoning: Munchausen by proxy. Clin Lab Med. 2006;26:243–253
  9. Giurgea I, Ulinski T, Touati G, Sempoux C, Mochel F, Brunelle F, et al. Factitious hyperinsulinism leading to pancreatectomy: severe forms of Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Pediatrics. 2005;116:e145–e148
  10. Meadow R. Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Arch Dis Child. 1982;57:92–98
  11. Dart RC, Paul IM, Bond GR, Winston DC, Manoguerra AS, Palmer RB, et al. Pediatric fatalities associated with over the counter (nonprescription) cough and cold medications. Ann Emerg Med. 2009;53:411–417
  12. Marinetti L, Lehman L, Casto B, Harshbarger K, Kubiczek P, Davis J. Over-the-counter cold medications-postmortem findings in infants and the relationship to cause of death. J Anal Toxicol. 2005;29:738–743
  13. Spiller HA, Rogers J, Sawyer TS. Drug facilitated sexual assault using an over-the-counter ocular solution containing tetrahydrozoline (Visine). Leg Med (Tokyo). 2007;9:192–195
  14. Guidelines for the evaluation of sexual abuse of children: subject review. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. Pediatrics. 1999;103:186–191
  15. McCauley JL, Conoscenti LM, Ruggiero KJ, Resnick HS, Saunders BE, Kilpatrick DG. Prevalence and correlates of drug/alcohol-facilitated and incapacitated sexual assault in a nationally representative sample of adolescent girls. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2009;38:295–300
  16. Bronstein AC, Spyker DA, Cantilena LR, Green JL, Rumack BH, Giffin SL. 2008 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 26th Annual Report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009;47:911–1084
  17. Gotschlich T, Beltran RS. Poisoning of a 21-month-old child by a baby-sitter. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1995;34:52–53
  18. Babcock J, Hartman K, Pedersen A, Murphy M, Alving B. Rodenticide-induced coagulopathy in a young child: a case of Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1993;15:126–130
  19. Saladino R, Shannon M. Accidental and intentional poisonings with ethylene glycol in infancy: diagnostic clues and management. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1991;7:93–96
  20. Kempe CH, Silverman FN, Steele BF, Droegemueller W, Silver HK. The battered-child syndrome. JAMA. 1962;181:17–24
  21. Yin S, Blair R, Green J, Dart R. Child Abuse with Cough/Cold Medications. Clin Toxicol. 2009;47:761
  22. Dine MS, McGovern ME. Intentional poisoning of children–an overlooked category of child abuse: report of seven cases and review of the literature. Pediatrics. 1982;70:32–35
  23. CDC Wonder. Accessed January 1, 2010, at http://wonder.cdc.gov.
  24. Jenny C, Hymel KP, Ritzen A, Reinert SE, Hay TC. Analysis of missed cases of abusive head trauma. JAMA. 1999;281:621–626
  25. Barr RG, Rivara FP, Barr M, Cummings P, Taylor J, Lengua LJ, et al. Effectiveness of educational materials designed to change knowledge and behaviors regarding crying and shaken-baby syndrome in mothers of newborns: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2009;123:972–980
  26. Reijneveld SA, van der Wal MF, Brugman E, Sing RA, Verloove-Vanhorick SP. Infant crying and abuse. Lancet. 2004;364:1340–1342
  27. Baugh JR, Krug EF, Weir MR. Punishment by salt poisoning. South Med J. 1983;76:540–541
  28. Schwartz RH, Peary P, Mistretta D. Intoxication of young children with marijuana: a form of amusement for 'pot'-smoking teenage girls. Am J Dis Child. 1986;140:326
  29. US Department of Health and Human Services AoC, Youth and Families. Child Maltreatment 2007, Washington DC.
  30. Blanc PD, Jones MR, Olson KR. Surveillance of poisoning and drug overdose through hospital discharge coding, poison control center reporting, and the Drug Abuse Warning Network. Am J Emerg Med. 1993;11:14–19
  31. Blanc PD, Kearney TE, Olson KR. Underreporting of fatal cases to a regional poison control center. West J Med. 1995;162:505–509

 The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(10)00446-4

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.05.040

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 5 , Pages 832-836.e1 , November 2010