The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 3 , Pages 473-478, September 2010

Associations among Calcium Intake, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Body Fat in a Multiethnic Sample of Children

  • Lynae J. Hanks, MS, RD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition Sciences and Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
    • ,
  • Krista Casazza, PhD, RD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition Sciences and Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
    • ,
  • Amanda L. Willig, MS, RN

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition Sciences and Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
    • ,
  • Michelle I. Cardel, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition Sciences and Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
    • ,
  • T. Mark Beasley, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Section on Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
    • ,
  • Jose R. Fernandez, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition Sciences and Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
    • Section on Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Dr Jose R. Fernandez, Department of Nutrition Sciences, Webb 449A, 1530 3rd Ave S, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360.

Received 14 December 2009; received in revised form 25 January 2010; accepted 24 February 2010. published online 19 April 2010.

Objective

The objective was to determine if calcium intake was associated with resting energy expenditure (REE) and body fat in children after accounting for ancestral genetic background.

Study design

Participants included 315 children. REE, body composition, and dietary calcium were assessed by indirect calorimetry, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and 24-hour recalls, respectively. Structural equations modeling assessed the relationships among REE, calcium intake, and body fat.

Results

There were positive associations between calcium intake and REE (P < .01) and between REE and total body fat (P < .0001). There was indirect effect of calcium intake on total body fat (P < .01). There were positive associations between calcium intake and REE (P < .01), and a trend toward an association of calcium intake and total body fat (P = .065) among boys only, whereas the only significant relationship among girls was an association of REE on total body fat (P < .0001).

Conclusions

REE was associated with calcium intake and mediated a relationship between calcium intake and total body fat. These findings suggest calcium intake may play a role in fat accumulation and energy balance through its effects on REE, especially in boys.

AIMS, Ancestry informative markers, BMI, Body mass Index, CFI, Comparative fit index, DXA, Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, ML, Maximum likelihood, REE, Resting energy expenditure, RMSEA, Root mean square error of approximation, SEM, Structural equations modeling, SES, Socioeconomic status

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 Supported in part by National Institutes of Health grants R01-DK067426, M01-RR-00032, P30-DK-56336, CA-47888, M01-RR-00032 P60-DK-079626. A.W. and M.C. were supported by the National Cancer Institute Cancer Prevention and Control Training Program (NIH CA-47888). The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(10)00209-X

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.02.065

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 3 , Pages 473-478, September 2010

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