The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 2 , Pages 245-251.e1, August 2010

Prevalence and Correlates of Elevated Blood Pressure in Youth with Diabetes Mellitus: The Search for Diabetes in Youth Study

  • Beatriz L. Rodriguez, MD

      Affiliations

    • Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii
    • University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii
    • ,
  • Dana Dabelea, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Denver, CO
    • ,
  • Angela D. Liese, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Center for Research in Nutrition and Health Disparities, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
    • ,
  • Wilfred Fujimoto, MD

      Affiliations

    • Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii
    • ,
  • Beth Waitzfelder, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii
    • ,
  • Lenna Liu, MD

      Affiliations

    • Child Health Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
    • ,
  • Ronny Bell, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Ronny Bell, PhD, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC.
    • ,
  • Jennifer Talton, MS

      Affiliations

    • Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
    • ,
  • Beverly M. Snively, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
    • ,
  • Ann Kershnar, MD

      Affiliations

    • Research Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA
    • ,
  • Elaine Urbina, MD

      Affiliations

    • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
    • ,
  • Stephen Daniels, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • The Children's Hospital, University of Colorado Denver, CO
    • ,
  • Giuseppina Imperatore, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
    • ,
  • SEARCH Study Group

      Affiliations

    • List of members of the SEARCH Study Group and funding information are available at www.jpeds.com (Appendix).

Received 27 July 2009; received in revised form 9 December 2009; accepted 16 February 2010. published online 15 April 2010.

Objective

To determine the prevalence and correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus by using data from the SEARCH Study.

Study design

The analysis included youth aged 3 to 17 years with type 1 (n = 3691) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 410) who attended a research visit. Elevated BP was defined as systolic or diastolic values ≥95 percentile, regardless of drug use. In youth with elevated BP, awareness was defined as self-report of an earlier diagnosis. Control was defined as BP values <90th percentile and <120/90 mm Hg in youth with an earlier diagnosis who were taking BP medications.

Results

The prevalence of elevated BP in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 5.9%; minority ethnic groups, obese adolescents, and youth with poor glycemic control were disproportionately affected. In contrast, 23.7% of adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus had elevated BP (P < .0001), Similarly, 31.9% of youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus and elevated BP were aware, compared with only 7.4% of youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (P < .0001). Once BP was diagnosed and treated, control was similar in type 1 (57.1%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (40.6%).

Conclusions

Our findings identify high-risk groups of youth with diabetes mellitus at which screening and treatment efforts should be directed.

AA, African-American, ACR, Albumin creatinine ratio, AI, American Indian, AIC, Hemoglobin A1C, API, Asian Pacific Islander, BMI, Body mass index, BP, Blood pressure, IRB, Institutional review board, NHC, Non-Hispanic Caucasian, OR, Odds ratio

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 The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(10)00145-9

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.02.021

Refers to article:

  • Undetected Hypertension and Prehypertension in Children with Diabetes Need Attention , 07 June 2010

    Catherine Lucy Davis
    The Journal of Pediatrics August 2010 (Vol. 157, Issue 2, Pages 182-184)

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 157, Issue 2 , Pages 245-251.e1, August 2010

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