« Previous
Next »
The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 156, Issue 5
, Pages 711-718.e1
, May 2010
Low Aerobic Fitness and Obesity Are Associated with Lower Standardized Test Scores in Children
References
- Bogden JF. Fit, healthy, and ready to learn: a school health policy guide. Accessed Nov 16, 2007, at http://www.nasbe.org/HealthySchools/fithealthy.html. Alexandria (VA): NASBE; 2000.
- . Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008;9:58–65
- . Childhood overweight and academic performance: national study of kindergartners and first-graders. Obes Res. 2004;12:58–68
- . FitnessGram Test Administration Manual. 2nd ed.. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 1999;
- . A generalized equation for prediction of VO2 peak from 1-mile run/walk performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995;27:445–451
- California Department of Education. Fitnessgram Standards for Healthy Fitness Zone. Accessed Apr 28, 2005, from: http://www.cde.ca.gov/ta/tg/pf/documents/healthfitzones.pdf.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Percentile Data Files with LMS Values. Accessed Nov 16, 2007 at: <http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/nhanes/growthcharts/datafiles.htm>.
- . Obesity evaluation and treatment: Expert Committee recommendations. The Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services. Pediatrics. 1998;102:E29
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults. Report accessed on Nov 16, 2007, at: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/obesity/ob_model.htm: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; 1998.
- . Prevention of pediatric overweight and obesity. Pediatrics. 2003;112:424–430
- . Epidemiologic Research. Principles and Quantitative Methods. New York: van Nostrand Reinhold; 1982;
- . Mothers' employment and poor and near-poor African-American children's development: a longitudinal study. Soc Serv Rev. 2003;77:93–109
- Youth risk behavior surveillance: United States, 1999. MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 2000;49:1–32
- Youth risk behavior surveillance: United States, 1997. MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 1998;47:1–89
- . Levels of physical activity and inactivity in children and adults in the United States: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31:S526–S533
- . 1985 President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports. Youth Fitness Survey. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1986;
- Physical activity levels among children aged 9-13 years: United States, 2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003;52:785–788
- . Determinants of adolescent physical activity and inactivity patterns. Pediatrics. 2000;105:E83
- Youth risk behavior surveillance: United States, 2003. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2004;53:1–96
- . One-mile run/walk and body mass index of an ethnically diverse sample of youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36:1796–1803
- . A Special Report on Policy Implications from the 1999 California Children's Healthy Eating and Exercise Practices Survey (CalCHEEPS). Sacramento, CA: Public Health Institute; May 2001;
- . Overweight is associated with decreased cognitive functioning among school-age children and adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008;16:1809–1815
- . Physical activity and risk of cognitive impairment and dementia in elderly persons. Arch Neurol. 2001;58:498–504
- . Aerobic fitness and neurocognitive function in healthy preadolescent children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37:1967–1974
- Metabolic cardiovascular syndrome and risk of dementia in Japanese-American elderly men: the Honolulu-Asia aging study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20:2255–2260
- . An investigation of the effects of daily physical activity on the health of primary school students in South Australia. Int J Epidemiol. 1983;12:308–313
- . Effects of health-related physical education on academic achievement: project SPARK. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1999;70:127–134
- . Curricular physical activity and academic performance. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1997;9:113–126
- . Exercise: a behavioral intervention to enhance brain health and plasticity. Trends Neurosci. 2002;25:295–301
- . One-mile run performance and cardiovascular fitness in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1999;153:845–849
- . Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced validity of the one-mile run and PACER in college age individuals. Meas Phys Ed Exerc Sci. 1999;3:63–84
Supported in part by a grant from the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Disorders (1R01-DK063507). The sponsor had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, or in the writing or submission of this paper. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
PII: S0022-3476(09)01148-2
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.11.039
© 2010 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 156, Issue 5
, Pages 711-718.e1
, May 2010
