The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 155, Issue 6 , Pages 848-853.e1 , December 2009

Segmental Brain Volumes and Cognitive and Perceptual Correlates in 15-Year-Old Adolescents with Low Birth Weight

  • Marit Martinussen, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • Department of Gynecology and Maternity Ward, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Dr Marit Martinussen, Gynecology and Maternity Ward, St Olavs University Hospital, Olav Kyrres gt. 17, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway.
    • ,
  • Dana W. Flanders, MD, DSc

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • ,
  • Bruce Fischl, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
    • MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA
    • ,
  • Evelina Busa, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
    • ,
  • Gro C. Løhaugen, Cand Psychol

      Affiliations

    • Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • Department of Pediatrics, Sorlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
    • ,
  • Jon Skranes, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • Department of Pediatrics, Sorlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
    • Department of Pediatrics, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
    • ,
  • Torgil R. Vangberg, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • Department of Radiology Medical Faculty, University of Tromso, Tronso, Norway
    • ,
  • Ann-Mari Brubakk, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • Department of Pediatrics, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
    • ,
  • Olav Haraldseth, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • Department of Medical Imaging, St Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
    • ,
  • Anders M. Dale, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
    • MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA
    • Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
    • Department of Neuroscience and Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA

Received 15 December 2008 ,Revised 5 May 2009 ,Accepted 9 June 2009.

References 

  1. Foulder-Hughes LA, Cooke RWI. Motor, cognitive, and behavioural disorders in children born very preterm. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003;45:97–103
  2. Larroque B, Bertrais S, Czernichow P, Léger J. School difficulties in 20-year-olds who were born small for gestational age at term in a regional cohort study. Pediatrics. 2001;108:111–115
  3. Peterson BS, Anderson AW, Ehrenkranz R, Staib LH, Tageldin M, Colson E, et al. Regional brain volumes and their later neurodevelopmental correlates in term and preterm infants. Pediatrics. 2003;111:939–948
  4. Thompson DK, Wood SJ, Doyle LW, Warfield SK, Lodygensky GA, Anderson PJ, et al. Neonate hippocampal volumes: prematurity, perinatal predictors, and 2-year outcome. Ann Neurol. 2008;63:642–651
  5. Nosatri C, Al-Asady MHS, Frangou S, Stewart AL, Rifkin L, Murray RM. Adolescents who were born very preterm have decreased brain volumes. Brain. 2002;125:1616–1623
  6. Constable RT, Ment LR, Vohr BR, Kesler SR, Fulbright RK, Lacadie C, et al. Prematurely born children demonstrate white matter microstructural differences at 12 years of age, relative to term control subjects: an investigation of group and gender effects. Pediatrics. 2008;121:306–316
  7. Skranes J, Vangberg TR, Kulseng S, et al. Clinical findings and white matter abnormalities seen on diffusion tensor imaging in adolescents with very low birth weight. Brain. 2007;130:654–656
  8. Heinonen K, Räikkönen K, Pesonen A-K, Kajantie E, Andersson S, Eriksson JG, et al. Prenatal and postnatal growth and cognitive abilities at 56 months of age: a longitudinal study of infants born at term. Pediatrics. 2008;121:e1325–e1333
  9. Skranes JS, Martinussen M, Smevik O, Myhr G, Indredavik M, Vik T, et al. Cerebral MRI findings in very-low-birth-weight and small-for-gestational-age children at 15 years of age. Pediatr Radiol. 2005;35:758–765
  10. Vangberg TR, Skranes J, Dale AM, Martinussen M, Brubakk A-M, Haraldseth O. Changes in white matter diffusion anisotropy in adolescents born prematurely. Neuroimage. 2006;32:1538–1548
  11. Fischl B, Salat DH, Busa E, Albert M, Dieterich M, Haselgrove C, et al. Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain. Neuron. 2002;33:341–355
  12. Martinussen M, Fischl B, Larsson HB, Skranes J, Kulseng S, Vangberg TR, et al. Cerebral cortex thickness in 15-year-old adolescents with low birth weight measured by an automated MRI-based method. Brain. 2005;128:2588–2596
  13. Skjæreven R, Gjessing HK, Bakketeig LS. Birthweight by gestational age in Norway. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2000;79:440–449
  14. Glinianaia SV, Skjærven R, Magnus P. Birthweight percentiles by gestational age in multiple births: a population-based study of Norwegian twins and triplets. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2000;79:450–458
  15. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children. 3rd ed. 1991. Swedish version. Stockholm, Psykologiförlaget AB, 1999.
  16. Spreen OE, Strauss EA. Compendium of Neuropsychological tests. Administration, Norms, and Commentary. New York: Oxford University Press; 1998;
  17. Beery KE. The Beery-Buktencia Developmental test of visual-motor integration: Administration, scoring and teaching manual. 4th ed. Modern Curriculum Press, Parsippany, NJ; 1997;
  18. Sowell ER, Trauner DA, Gamst A, Jernigan TL. Development of cortical and subcortical brain structures in childhood and adolescence: a structural MRI study. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2002;44:4–16
  19. Inder TE, Warfield SK, Wang H, Hüppi PS, Volpe JJ. Abnormal cerebral structure is present at term in premature infants. Pediatrics. 2005;115:286–294
  20. Boardman JP, Counsell SJ, Rueckert D, Kapellou O, Bhatia KK, Aljabar P, et al. Abnormal deep grey matter development following preterm birth detected using deformation-based morphometry. Neuroimage. 2006;32:70–78
  21. Skranes J, Nilsen G, Smevik O, Vik T, Brubakk AM. Cerebral MRI of very low birth weight children at 6 years of age compared with the findings at 1 year. Pediatr Radiol. 1998;28:471–475
  22. Srinivasan L, Allsop J, Councell SJ, Boardman JP, Edwards JP, Rutherford M. Smaller cerebellar volumes in very preterm infants at term-equivalent are associated with the presence of supratentorial lesions. Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27:573–579
  23. Limeropoulos CC, Soul JS, Haider H, Huppi PS, Bassan H, Warfield SK, et al. Impaired trophic interactions between the cerebellum and the cerebrum among preterm infants. Pediatrics. 2005;116:844–850
  24. Pierson CR, Folkerth RD, Billiards SS, Trachtenberg FL, Drinkwater ME, Volpe JJ, et al. Gray matter injury associated with periventricular leucomalacia in the premature infant. Acta Neuropathol. 2007;114:619–631
  25. Isaacs EB, Gadian DG, Sabatini S, Chong WK, Quinn BT, Fischl BR, et al. The effect of early human diet on caudate volumes and IQ. Pediatr Res. 2008;63:308–314
  26. Tolsa CB, Zimine S, Warfield SK, Freschi M, Rossignol AS, Lazeyras F, et al. Early alteration of structural and functional brain development in premature infants born with intrauterine growth restriction. Pediatr Res. 2004;56:132–138
  27. Lodygensky GA, Seghier ML, Warfield SK, Tolsa CB, Sizonenko S, Lazeyras F, et al. Intrauterine growth restriction affects the preterm infant's hippocampus. Pediatr Res. 2008;63:438–443
  28. Boardman JP, Counsell SJ, Rueckert D, Hajanal JV, Bhatia KK, Srinivasan L, et al. Early growth in brain volume is preserved in the majority of preterm infants. Ann Neurol. 2007;62:185–192
  29. Shah DK, Anderson PJ, Carlin JB, Pavlovic M, Howard K, Thompson DK, et al. Reduction in cerebellar volumes in preterm infants: relationship to white matter injury and neurodevelopment at two years of age. Pediatr Res. 2006;60:97–102
  30. Mallard C, Loeliger M, Copolov D, Rees S. Reduced number of neurons in the hippocampus and the cerebellum in the postnatal guinea-pig following intrauterine growth-restriction. Neuroscience. 2000;100:327–333
  31. Seckl JR, Cleasby M, Nyirenda MJ. Glucocorticoids, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and fetal programming. Kidney Int 222;57:1412-7.
  32. Frangou S, Chitins X, Williams SCR. Mapping IQ and gray matter density in healthy young people. Neuroimage. 2004;23:800–805

 Funding information available at www.jpeds.com (Appendix). A.M.D. and B.F. are funded by CorTechs Labs, Inc. A.M.D. has equity in CorTechs Labs, Inc. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(09)00569-1

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.06.015

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 155, Issue 6 , Pages 848-853.e1 , December 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution