The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 155, Issue 5 , Pages 657-662.e2 , November 2009

Factors Influencing Breast Milk versus Formula Feeding at Discharge for Very Low Birth Weight Infants in California

  • Henry Chong Lee, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Henry Chong Lee, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of California, San Francisco, 533 Parnassus Ave, Room U503, San Francisco, CA 94143-0734.
    • ,
  • Jeffrey B. Gould, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Perinatal Epidemiology and Health Outcomes Research Unit, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

Received 5 February 2009 ,Revised 8 April 2009 ,Accepted 29 April 2009.

References 

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  2. Lucas A, Cole TJ. Breast milk and neonatal necrotising enterocolitis. Lancet. 1990;336:1519–1523
  3. Hylander MA, Strobino DM, Dhanireddy R. Human milk feedings and infection among very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 1998;102:E38
  4. Hanson LA, Korotkova M. The role of breastfeeding in prevention of neonatal infection. Semin Neonatol. 2002;7:275–281
  5. Hylander MA, Strobino DM, Pezzullo JC, Dhanireddy R. Association of human milk feedings with a reduction in retinopathy of prematurity among very low birthweight infants. J Perinatol. 2001;21:356–362
  6. Lucas A, Morley R, Cole TJ, Gore SM, Lucas PJ, Crowle P, et al. Early diet in preterm babies and developmental status at 18 months. Lancet. 1990;335:1477–1481
  7. Pinelli J, Saigal S, Atkinson SA. Effect of breast milk consumption on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 6 and 12 months of age in VLBW infants. Adv Neonatal Care. 2003;3:76–87
  8. Anderson JW, Johnstone BM, Remley DT. Breast-feeding and cognitive development: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;70:525–535
  9. Vohr BR, Poindexter BB, Dusick AM, McKinley LT, Wright LL, Langer JC, et al. Beneficial effects of breast milk in the neonatal intensive care unit on the developmental outcome of extremely low birth weight infants at 18 months of age. Pediatrics. 2006;118:e115–e123
  10. Vohr BR, Poindexter BB, Dusick AM, McKinley LT, Higgins RD, Langer JC, et al. Persistent beneficial effects of breast milk ingested in the neonatal intensive care unit on outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants at 30 months of age. Pediatrics. 2007;120:e953–e959
  11. Hill PD, Hanson KS, Mefford AL. Mothers of low birthweight infants: breastfeeding patterns and problems. J Hum Lact. 1994;10:169–176
  12. Furman L, Minich NM, Hack M. Breastfeeding of very low birth weight infants. J Hum Lact. 1998;14:29–34
  13. Furman L, Minich N, Hack M. Correlates of lactation in mothers of very low birth weight infants. Pediatrics. 2002;109:e57
  14. Killersreiter B, Grimmer I, Buhrer C, Dudenhausen JW, Obladen M. Early cessation of breast milk feeding in very low birthweight infants. Early Hum Dev. 2001;60:193–205
  15. Flacking R, Nyqvist KH, Ewald U, Wallin L. Long-term duration of breastfeeding in Swedish low birth weight infants. J Hum Lact. 2003;19:157–165
  16. Powers NG, Bloom B, Peabody J, Clark R. Site of care influences breast milk feedings at NICU discharge. J Perinatol. 2003;23:10–13
  17. Wirtschafter DD, Danielsen BH, Main EK, Korst LM, Gregory KD, Wertz A, et al. Promoting antenatal steroid use for fetal maturation: results from the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative. J Pediatr. 2006;148:606–612
  18. Boo NY, Goh ES. Predictors of breastfeeding in very low birthweight infants at the time of discharge from hospital. J Trop Pediatr. 1999;45:195–201
  19. Dall'Oglio I, Salvatori G, Bonci E, Nantini B, D'Agostino G, Dotta A. Breastfeeding promotion in neonatal intensive care unit: impact of a new program toward a BFHI for high-risk infants. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96:1626–1631
  20. Bicalho-Mancini PG, Velasquez-Melendez G. [Exclusive breastfeeding at the point of discharge of high-risk newborns at a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and the factors associated with this practice]. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2004;80:241–248
  21. Flacking R, Wallin L, Ewald U. Perinatal and socioeconomic determinants of breastfeeding duration in very preterm infants. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96:1126–1130
  22. Miracle DJ, Meier PP, Bennett PA. Mothers' decisions to change from formula to mothers' milk for very-low-birth-weight infants. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2004;33:692–703

 The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(09)00470-3

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.04.064

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 155, Issue 5 , Pages 657-662.e2 , November 2009

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