« Previous
Next »
The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 155, Issue 2
, Pages 165-169
, August 2009
Pre-hypertension and Hypertension in Pediatrics: Don't Let the Statistics Hide the Pathology
References
- . Deaths: final data for 2002. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2004;53:1–115
- Heart disease and stroke statistics—2007 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 2007;115:E69–E171
- . Underdiagnosis of hypertension in children and adolescents. JAMA. 2007;298:874–879
- . Persistence of multiple cardiovascular risk clustering related to syndrome X from childhood to young adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:1842–1847
- . Essential hypertension predicted by tracking of elevated blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: the Bogalusa heart study. Am J Hypertens. 1995;8:657–665
- . Childhood blood pressure as a predictor of arterial stiffness in young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Hypertension. 2004;43:541–546
- Relation of serum lipoprotein levels and systolic blood pressure to early atherosclerosis. The Bogalusa Heart Study. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:138–144
- . Association between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis in children and young adults. The Bogalusa Heart Study. N Engl J Med. 1998;338:1650–1656
- . Blood pressure and echocardiographic measures in children: the Bogalusa heart study. Circulation. 1987;75:106–114
- . White-coat hypertension as a cause of cardiovascular dysfunction. Lancet. 1996;348:654–657
- White-coat hypertension and cardiovascular risk. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1995;2:545–549
- Increase in carotid intima-media thickness in grade I hypertensive subjects: white-coat versus sustained hypertension. Hypertension. 2008;51:1300–1305
- . Left ventricular mass index in children with white coat hypertension. J Pediatr. 2008;153:50–54
- . The reliability of vital sign measurements. Ann Emerg Med. 2002;39:233–237
- Population-derived comparisons of ambulatory and office blood pressures—implications for the determination of usual blood pressure and the concept of white coat hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:750–756
- . The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004;114:555–576
- . Canadian hypertension society guidelines for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Am J Hypertens. 1999;12:1149–1157
- Report of the Second Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children—1987. Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Pediatrics. 1987;79:1–25
- . Prevalence of hypertension in schoolchildren based on repeated measurements and association with overweight. J Hypertens. 2007;25:2209–2217
- . Inaccuracy in pediatric outpatient blood pressure measurement. Pediatrics. 2007;119:e538–e543
- Cardiovascular risk factors and sequelae in hypertensive children identified by referral versus school-based screening. Hypertension. 2004;43:214–218
- . Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension among adolescents. J Pediatr. 2007;150:640–644
- The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003;289:2560–2572
- . Differences in arterial compliance among normotensive adolescent groups. Pediatr Cardiol. 2008;29:929–934
- United States Census Bureau. 2008 National Population Projections. http://www.census.gov/population/www/projections/2008projections.html. Accesses on 20 September 2008.
- . Childhood risk factors for high adult blood pressure: the Muscatine Study. Pediatrics. 1989;84:633–641
- . Evaluation of white coat hypertension in children: importance of the definitions of normal ambulatory blood pressure and the severity of casual hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2001;14:855–860
- . The white coat phenomenon is benign in referred treated patients: a 14-year ambulatory blood pressure mortality study. J Hypertens. 2008;26:699–705
- . White coat hypertension detected during screening of male adolescent athletes. Am J Hypertens. 1999;12:223–226
- . Variability between current definitions of normal ambulatory blood pressure—implications in the assessment of white coat hypertension. Hypertension. 1992;20:555–562
- Are some hypertensive patients overtreated—a prospective study of ambulatory blood pressure recording. Lancet. 1987;2:732–734
- . Ambulatory blood pressure and prognosis. J Hypertens Suppl. 1994;12:S29–S33
- . Blood pressure reactivity predicts myocardial infarction among treated hypertensive patients. J Clin Epidemiol. 1990;43:859–866
- . Clinical implications of white coat hypertension: an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring study. J Hum Hypertens. 1999;13:817–822
- . White coat hypertension in childhood: evidence for end-organ effect. J Pediatr. 2007;150:491–497
- Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in children and adolescents: recommendations for standard assessment: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth Committee of the council on cardiovascular disease in the young and the council for high blood pressure research. Hypertension. 2008;52:433–451
- Five-year findings of the hypertension detection and follow-up program. I. Reduction in mortality of persons with high blood pressure, including mild hypertension. Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program Cooperative Group. JAMA. 1979;242:2562–2571
- . The efficacy of a clinic-based behavioral nutrition intervention emphasizing a DASH-type diet for adolescents with elevated blood pressure. J Pediatr. 2008;152:494–501
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
PII: S0022-3476(09)00116-4
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.02.006
© 2009 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 155, Issue 2
, Pages 165-169
, August 2009
