The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 154, Issue 2 , Pages 169-176.e3 , February 2009

Increased Risk of Adverse Neurological Development for Late Preterm Infants

  • Joann R. Petrini, PhD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Perinatal Data Center, March of Dimes National Office, White Plains, NY
    • Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Joann R. Petrini, PhD, MPH, Perinatal Data Center, March of Dimes National Office, 1275 Mamaroneck Ave, White Plains, NY 10605
    • ,
  • Todd Dias, MS

      Affiliations

    • Perinatal Data Center, March of Dimes National Office, White Plains, NY
    • ,
  • Marie C. McCormick, MD, ScD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
    • ,
  • Maria L. Massolo, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Research, Perinatal Research Unit, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, CA
    • ,
  • Nancy S. Green, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
    • ,
  • Gabriel J. Escobar, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Research, Perinatal Research Unit, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland, CA
    • Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, Walnut Creek, CA

Received 20 February 2008 ,Revised 14 July 2008 ,Accepted 8 August 2008.

References 

  1. Mathews TJ, MacDorman MF. Infant mortality statistics from the 2004 period linked birth/infant death data set. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2007;55:1–32
  2. Institute of Medicine, Committee on Understanding Premature Births and Assuring Healthy Outcomes, Board on Health Sciences Policy. Preterm birth. Causes, consequences, and prevention. Washington, D.C: National Academies Press; 2007;
  3. Martin JA, Hamilton BE, Sutton PD, Ventura SJ, Menacker F, Kirmeyer S. Births: final data for 2004. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2006;55:1–101
  4. Engle WA. A recommendation for the definition of “late preterm” (near-term) and the birth weight-gestational age classification system. Semin Perinatol. 2006;30:2–7
  5. Engle WA, Tomashek KM, Wallman C. “Late-preterm” infants: a population at risk. Pediatrics. 2007;120:1390–1401
  6. Davidoff MJ, Dias T, Damus K, Russell R, Bettegowda VR, Dolan S, et al. Changes in the gestational age distribution among U.S. singleton births: impact on rates of late preterm birth, 1992 to 2002. Semin Perinatol. 2006;30:8–15
  7. Hack M, Fanaroff AA. Outcomes of children of extremely low birthweight and gestational age in the 1990s. Semin Neonatol. 2000;5:89–106
  8. Vohr BR, Wright LL, Poole WK, McDonald SA. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants <32 weeks' gestation between 1993 and 1998. Pediatrics. 2005;116:635–643
  9. Robertson CM, Watt MJ, Yasui Y. Changes in the prevalence of cerebral palsy for children born very prematurely within a population-based program over 30 years. JAMA. 2007;297:2733–2740
  10. Kramer MS, Demissie K, Yang H, Platt RW, Sauve R, Liston R. The contribution of mild and moderate preterm birth to infant mortality (Fetal and Infant Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal Surveillance System). JAMA. 2000;284:843–849
  11. Young PC, Glasgow TS, Li X, Guest-Warnick G, Stoddard G. Mortality of late-preterm (near-term) newborns in Utah. Pediatrics. 2007;119:e659–e665
  12. Tomashek KM, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Davidoff MJ, Petrini JR. Differences in mortality between late-preterm and term singleton infants in the United States, 1995-2002. J Pediatr. 2007;151:450–456
  13. Raju TN, Higgins RD, Stark AR, Leveno KJ. Optimizing care and outcome for late-preterm (near-term) infants: a summary of the workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Pediatrics. 2006;118:1207–1214
  14. Raju TN. Epidemiology of late preterm (near-term) births. Clin Perinatol. 2006;33:751–763abstract vii
  15. Wang ML, Dorer DJ, Fleming MP, Catlin EA. Clinical outcomes of near-term infants. Pediatrics. 2004;114:372–376
  16. Sarici SU, Serdar MA, Korkmaz A, Erdem G, Oran O, Tekinalp G, et al. Incidence, course, and prediction of hyperbilirubinemia in near-term and term newborns. Pediatrics. 2004;113:775–780
  17. Escobar GJ, Clark RH, Greene JD. Short-term outcomes of infants born at 35 and 36 weeks gestation: we need to ask more questions. Semin Perinatol. 2006;30:28–33
  18. McCormick MC, Escobar GJ, Zheng Z, Richardson DK. Place of birth and variations in management of late preterm (“near-term”) infants. Semin Perinatol. 2006;30:44–47
  19. Tomashek KM, Shapiro-Mendoza CK, Weiss J, Kotelchuck M, Barfield W, Evans S, et al. Early discharge among late preterm and term newborns and risk of neonatal morbidity. Semin Perinatol. 2006;30:61–68
  20. Escobar GJ, Joffe S, Gardner MN, Armstrong MA, Folck BF, Carpenter DM. Rehospitalization in the first two weeks after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatrics. 1999;104:e2
  21. Escobar GJ, Gonzales VM, Armstrong MA, Folck BF, Xiong B, Newman TB. Rehospitalization for neonatal dehydration: a nested case-control study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156:155–161
  22. Escobar GJ, Greene JD, Hulac P, Kincannon E, Bischoff K, Gardner MN, et al. Rehospitalization after birth hospitalization: patterns among infants of all gestations. Arch Dis Child. 2005;90:125–131
  23. Escobar GJ, McCormick MC, Zupancic JA, Coleman-Phox K, Armstrong MA, Greene JD, et al. Unstudied infants: outcomes of moderately premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2006;91:F238–F244
  24. Gilbert WM, Nesbitt TS, Danielsen B. The cost of prematurity: quantification by gestational age and birth weight. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:488–492
  25. Raju TN. The problem of late-preterm (near-term) births: a workshop summary. Pediatr Res. 2006;60:775–776
  26. Chyi LJ, Lee HC, Hintz SR, Gould JB, Sutcliffe TL. School outcomes of late preterm infants: special needs and challenges for infants born at 32 to 36 weeks gestation. J Pediatr. 2008;153:25–31
  27. Escobar GJ, Fischer A, Kremers R, Usatin MS, Macedo AM, Gardner MN. Rapid retrieval of neonatal outcomes data: the Kaiser Permanente Neonatal Minimum Data Set. Qual Manag Health Care. 1997;5:19–33
  28. Go AS, Hylek EM, Chang Y, Phillips KA, Henault LE, Capra AM, et al. Anticoagulation therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: how well do randomized trials translate into clinical practice?. JAMA. 2003;290:2685–2692
  29. Wu YW, March WM, Croen LA, Grether JK, Escobar GJ, Newman TB. Perinatal stroke in children with motor impairment: a population-based study. Pediatrics. 2004;114:612–619
  30. Last JM, Abramson JH, Friedman GD, Porta M, Spasoff RA, Thuriaus M. A dictionary of epidemiology. In: 3rd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1995;p. 108
  31. Wu YW, Escobar GJ, Grether JK, Croen LA, Greene JD, Newman TB. Chorioamnionitis and cerebral palsy in term and near-term infants. JAMA. 2003;290:2677–2684
  32. Cummins SK, Nelson KB, Grether JK, Velie EM. Cerebral palsy in four northern California counties, births 1983 through 1985. J Pediatr. 1993;123:230–237
  33. Hagberg B, Hagberg G, Beckung E, Uvebrant P. Changing panorama of cerebral palsy in Sweden. VIII (Prevalence and origin in the birth year period 1991-94). Acta Paediatr. 2001;90:271–277
  34. MacGillivray I, Campbell DM. The changing pattern of cerebral palsy in Avon. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1995;9:146–155
  35. March of Dimes, Perinatal Data Center. Unpublished statistics (Data Source: NCHS 2004 Natality File). In; 2007.
  36. Escobar GJ, Liljestrand P, Hudes ES, Ferriero DM, Wu YW, Jeremy RJ, et al. Five-year neurodevelopmental outcome of neonatal dehydration. J Pediatr. 2007;151:127–133
  37. Lee J, Croen LA, Backstrand KH, Yoshida CK, Henning LH, Lindan C, et al. Maternal and infant characteristics associated with perinatal arterial stroke in the infant. JAMA. 2005;293:723–729
  38. Newman TB, Liljestrand P, Jeremy RJ, Ferriero DM, Wu YW, Hudes ES, et al. Outcomes among newborns with total serum bilirubin levels of 25 mg per deciliter or more. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:1889–1900
  39. Bhasin TK, Brocksen S, Avchen RN, Van Naarden Braun K. Prevalence of four developmental disabilities among children aged 8 years—Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program, 1996 and 2000. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2006;55:1–9
  40. Kitchen WH, Ford GW, Rickards AL, Lissenden JV, Ryan MM. Children of birth weight less than 1000 g: changing outcome between ages 2 and 5 years. J Pediatr. 1987;110:283–288
  41. National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. From neurons to neighborhoods: the science of early childhood development. In:  Shonkoff JP,  Phillips DA editor. Chapter 8. Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2000;p. 206–212

 This research was supported by the March of Dimes, The Permanente Medical Group, Inc. and Kaiser Foundation Hospitals, Inc. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the affiliated agencies. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(08)00699-9

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.08.020

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 154, Issue 2 , Pages 169-176.e3 , February 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution