The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 153, Issue 6 , Pages 795-798.e1 , December 2008

A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Nasal Phenylephrine in Infants Hospitalized for Bronchiolitis

  • Shawn Ralston, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Community Medical Center, Missoula, MT
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Shawn Ralston, MD, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
  • ,
  • Mahshid Roohi, RN

      Affiliations

    • General Clinical Research Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM

Received 25 January 2008 ,Revised 31 March 2008 ,Accepted 3 June 2008.

References 

  1. Yorita KL, Holman RC, Sejvar JJ, Steiner CA, Schonberger LB. Infectious disease hospitalizations among infants in the United States. Pediatrics. 2008;121:244–252
  2. Willson DF, Horn SD, Hendley JO, Smout R, Gassaway J. Effect of practice variation on resource utilization in infants for viral lower respiratory illness. Pediatrics. 2001;108:851–855
  3. Kellner JD, Ohlsson A, Gadomski AM, Wang EE. Efficacy of bronchodilator therapy in bronchiolitis (A meta-analysis). Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996;150:1166–1172
  4. Flores G, Horwitz RI. Efficacy of beta2-agonists in bronchiolitis: a reappraisal and meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 1997;100:233–239
  5. Hartling L, Wiebe N, Russell K, Patel H, Klassen TP. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of epinephrine for the treatment of acute viral bronchiolitis. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;157:957–964
  6. King VJ, Viswanathan M, Bordley WC, Jackman AM, Sutton SF, Lohr KN, et al. Pharmacologic treatment of bronchiolitis in infants and children: a systematic review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2004;158:127–137
  7. Subcommittee on the diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis, 2004–2006. Clinical Practice Guideline: Diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2006;118:1774–1793
  8. Wohl ME, Chernick V. State of the art: bronchiolitis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978;118:759–781
  9. Sanchez I, De Koster J, Powell RE, Wolstein R, Chernick V. Effect of racemic epinephrine and salbutamol on clinical score and pulmonary mechanics in infants with bronchiolitis. J Pediatr. 1993;122:145–151
  10. Hall GL, Hantos Z, Wildhaber JH, Sly PD. Contribution of nasal pathways to low frequency respiratory impedance in infants. Thorax. 2002;57:396–399
  11. Solow B, Petersen B. Nasal airway resistance in the newborn. Rhinology. 1991;29:27–33
  12. Tal A, Golan H, Grauer N, Aviram M, Albin D, Quastel MR. Deposition pattern of radiolabeled salbutamol inhaled from a metered-dose inhaler by means of a spacer with mask in young children with airway obstruction. J Pediatr. 1996;128:479–484
  13. Wohl ME, Chernick V. Treatment of acute bronchiolitis. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:82–83
  14. Osguthorpe JD, Shirley R. Neonatal respiratory distress from rhinitis medicamentosa. Laryngoscope. 1987;97:829–831
  15. Cozzi F, Morini F, Tozzi C, Bonci E, Cozzi DA. Effect of pacifier use on oral breathing in healthy newborn infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2002;33:368–373
  16. Purcell K, Fergie J. Driscoll Children's Hospital respiratory syncytial virus database: risk factors, treatment and hospital course in 3308 infants and young children, 1991 to 2002. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23:418–423
  17. Liu LL, Gallaher MM, Davis RL, Rutter CM, Lewis TC, Marcuse EK. Use of a respiratory clinical score among different providers. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004;37:243–248
  18. Ralston S, Hartenberger C, Anaya T, Qualls C, Kelly HW. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of albuterol and epinephrine at equipotent beta-2 agonist doses in acute bronchiolitis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2005;40:292–299
  19. Lenney W, Milner AD. Alpha and beta adrenergic stimulants in bronchiolitis and wheezy bronchitis in children under 18 months of age. Arch Dis Child. 1978;53:707–709
  20. Lildholdt T, Cantekin EI, Bluestone CD, Rockette HE. Effect of a topical nasal decongestant on Eustachian tube function in children with tympanostomy tubes. Acta Otolaryngol. 1982;94:93–97
  21. Turner RB, Darden PM. Effect of topical adrenergic decongestants on middle ear pressure in infants with common colds. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1996;15:621–624
  22. Neidorff AH. Clinical note: double-blind comparison of the duration of effect of oxymetazoline and phenylephrine in children. Ann Allergy. 1966;24:250–251
  23. Soderman P, Sahlberg D, Wiholm BE. CNS reactions to nose drops in small children. Lancet. 1984;1:573
  24. Engle JP. Topical nasal decongestants. Am Pharm. 1992;NS32:33–37
  25. Green M. Double-blind study of nasal decongestion with oxymetazoline and phenylephrine in asthmatic children with rhinitis. Rev Allergy. 1966;20:863–868

 Supported by University of New Mexico General Clinical Research Center NCRR Grant M01-RR-00997. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

PII: S0022-3476(08)00494-0

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.06.003

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 153, Issue 6 , Pages 795-798.e1 , December 2008