Effect of Domperidone on QT Interval in Neonates

Objectives

To determine whether oral domperidone is associated with QT interval prolongation and ventricular arrhythmia and to identify factors that can influence these effects.

Study design

An electrocardiogram was performed before and after oral administration of domperidone in 31 neonates or infants classified into 3 groups according to gestational age.

Results

Oral domperidone is associated with QTc prolongation except in infants with a gestational age less than 32 weeks of amenorrhea (P < .005). Mean QTc prolongation was 14 msec. On univariate analysis, oral domperidone-induced QTc prolongation was correlated with gestational age, birth weight, and elevated serum potassium. On multivariate analysis, after adjustment for gestational age, serum potassium was the only factor independently associated with interval QT prolongation during treatment. No ventricular arrhythmias were observed.

Conclusions

This study shows a significant association between oral domperidone therapy and QTc prolongation. Two risk factors were identified: advanced gestational age and serum potassium at the upper limit of normal. It is recommended that measurement of the QT interval be done before and after oral domperidone therapy.

Abbreviations: ΔQTc, Variation of the QTc interval, GA, Gestational age, WA, Weeks of amenorrhea