The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 153, Issue 4 , Pages 503-508 , October 2008

Infant Sleep Location: Associated Maternal and Infant Characteristics with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Prevention Recommendations

  • Linda Y. Fu, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Goldberg Center for Community Pediatric Health, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
    • Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Linda Y. Fu, MD, MS, Goldberg Center for Community Pediatric Health Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010
  • ,
  • Eve R. Colson, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
  • ,
  • Michael J. Corwin, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA
    • Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA
  • ,
  • Rachel Y. Moon, MD

      Affiliations

    • Goldberg Center for Community Pediatric Health, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
    • Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC

Received 9 January 2008 ,Revised 9 April 2008 ,Accepted 1 May 2008.

References 

  1. Kattwinkel J, Brooks J, Myerberg D. American Academy of Pediatrics AAP Task Force on Infant Positioning and SIDS: positioning and SIDS. [Erratum in: Pediatrics 1992 Aug; 90(2 Pt 1):264] Pediatrics. 1992;89:1120–1126
  2. NICHD/NIH. Back to Sleep campaign. www.nichd.nih.gov/sids/sids.cfmDate accessed: Jul 11, 2007
  3. Mathews TJ, MacDorman MF. Infant mortality statistics from the 2004 period linked birth/infant death data set. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2007;55:1–32
  4. Hoyert DL, Arias E, Smith BL, Murphy SL, Kochanek KD. Deaths: final data for 1999. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2001;49:1–113
  5. Hoyert DL, Mathews TJ, Menacker F, Strobino DM, Guyer B. Annual summary of vital statistics: 2004. Pediatrics. 2006;117:168–183
  6. McKenna JJ, Mosko S, Richard CA. Bedsharing promotes breastfeeding. Pediatrics. 1997;100:214–219
  7. Mosko S, Richard C, McKenna J. Infant arousals during mother-infant bed sharing: implications for infant sleep and sudden infant death syndrome research. Pediatrics. 1997;100:841–849
  8. Arnestad M, Andersen M, Vege A, Rognum TO. Changes in the epidemiological pattern of sudden infant death syndrome in southeast Norway, 1984-1998: implications for future prevention and research. Arch Dis Child. 2001;85:108–115
  9. Blair PS, Fleming PJ, Smith IJ, Platt MW, Young J, Nadin P, et al. Babies sleeping with parents: case-control study of factors influencing the risk of the sudden infant death syndrome (CESDI SUDI research group). BMJ. 1999;319:1457–1462
  10. Fleming PJ, Blair PS, Bacon C, Bensley D, Smith I, Taylor E, et al. Environment of infants during sleep and risk of the sudden infant death syndrome: results of 1993-5 case-control study for confidential inquiry into stillbirths and deaths in infancy (Confidential Enquiry into Stillbirths and Deaths Regional Coordinators and Researchers). BMJ. 1996;313:191–195
  11. Scragg R, Mitchell EA, Taylor BJ, Stewart AW, Ford RP, Thompson JM, et al. Bed sharing, smoking, and alcohol in the sudden infant death syndrome (New Zealand Cot Death Study Group). BMJ. 1993;307:1312–1318
  12. Ruys JH, de Jonge GA, Brand R, Engelberts AC, Semmekrot BA. Bed-sharing in the first four months of life: a risk factor for sudden infant death. Acta Paediatr. 2007;96:1399–1403
  13. Hauck FR, Herman SM, Donovan M, Iyasu S, Merrick Moore C, Donoghue E, et al. Sleep environment and the risk of sudden infant death syndrome in an urban population: the Chicago Infant Mortality Study. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1207–1214
  14. McGarvey C, McDonnell M, Chong A, O'Regan M, Matthews T. Factors relating to the infant's last sleep environment in sudden infant death syndrome in the Republic of Ireland. Arch Dis Child. 2003;88:1058–1064
  15. Tappin D, Ecob R, Brooke H. Bedsharing and sudden infant death syndrome in Scotland: a case control study. J Pediatr. 2005;147:32–37
  16. Carpenter RG, Irgens LM, Blair PS, et al. Sudden unexplained infant death in 20 regions in Europe: case control study. Lancet. 2004;363:185–191
  17. McGarvey C, McDonnell M, Hamilton K, O'Regan M, Matthews T. An 8 year study of risk factors for SIDS: bed-sharing vs non bed-sharing. Arch Dis Child. 2006;91:318–323
  18. Baddock SA, Galland BC, Beckers MG, Taylor BJ, Bolton DP. Bed-sharing and the infant's thermal environment in the home setting. Arch Dis Child. 2004;89:1111–1116
  19. Baddock SA, Galland BC, Bolton DP, Williams SM, Taylor BJ. Differences in infant and parent behaviors during routine bed sharing compared with cot sleeping in the home setting. Pediatrics. 2006;117:1599–1607
  20. Kattwinkel J, Brooks J, Keenan ME, Malloy MH. Changing concepts of sudden infant death syndrome: implications for infant sleeping environment and sleep position (American Academy of Pediatrics. Task Force on Infant Sleep Position and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome). Pediatrics. 2000;105:650–656
  21. Alexander RT, Radisch D. Sudden infant death syndrome risk factors with regards to sleep position, sleep surface, and co-sleeping. J Forensic Sci. 2005;50:147–151
  22. Carroll-Pankhurst C, Mortimer EAJ. Sudden infant death syndrome, bedsharing, parental weight, and age at death. Pediatrics. 2001;107:530–536
  23. Kemp JS, Unger B, Wilkins D, Psara RM, Ledbetter TL, Graham MA, et al. Unsafe sleep practices and an analysis of bedsharing among infants dying suddenly and unexpectedly: results of a four-year, population-based, death-scene investigation study of sudden infant death syndrome and related deaths. Pediatrics. 2000;106:E41
  24. Unger B, Kemp JS, Wilkins D, Psara R, Ledbetter T, Graham M, et al. Racial disparity and modifiable risk factors among infants dying suddenly and unexpectedly. Pediatrics. 2003;111:E127–E131
  25. Kattwinkel J, Hauck FR, Keenan ME, Malloy MH, Moon RY Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, American Academy of Pediatrics. The changing concept of sudden infant death syndrome: diagnostic coding shifts, controversies regarding the sleeping environment, and new variables to consider in reducing risk. Pediatrics. 2005;116:1245–1255
  26. Colson ER, Levenson S, Rybin D, Calianos C, Margolis A, Colton T, et al. Barriers to following the supine sleep recommendation among mothers at four centers for the Women, Infants, and Children Program. Pediatrics. 2006;118:e243–e250
  27. Rabe-Hesketh S, Skrondal A, Pickles AR. Maximum likelihood estimation of limited and discrete dependent variable models with nested random effects. J Econometrics. 2005;128:301–323
  28. U.S. Census Bureau. 2006 American Community Survey. http://factfinder.census.gov2006;Accessed Mar 4, 2008
  29. Willinger M, Ko CW, Hoffman HJ, Kessler RC, Corwin MJ. Trends in infant bed sharing in the United States, 1993-2000: the National Infant Sleep Position study. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;157:43–49
  30. Hauck FR, Moore CM, Herman SM, Donovan M, Kalelkar M, Christoffel KK, et al. The contribution of prone sleeping position to the racial disparity in sudden infant death syndrome: the Chicago Infant Mortality Study. Pediatrics. 2002;110:772–780
  31. Lahr MB, Rosenberg KD, Lapidus JA. Maternal-infant bedsharing: risk ractors for bedsharing in a population-based survey of new mothers and implications for SIDS risk reduction. Matern Child Health J. 2006;11:277–286
  32. McCoy RC, Hunt CE, Lesko SM, Vezina R, Corwin MJ, Willinger M, et al. Frequency of bed sharing and its relationship to breastfeeding. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2004;25:141–149
  33. Brenner RA, Simons-Morton BG, Bhaskar B, Revenis M, Das A, Clemens JD. Infant-parent bed sharing in an inner-city population. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;157:33–39
  34. Weimer SM, Dise TL, Evers PB, Ortiz MA, Welldaregay W, Steinmann WC. Prevalence, predictors, and attitudes toward cosleeping in an urban pediatric center. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2002;41:433–438
  35. Tappin D, Brooke H, Ecob R, Gibson A. Used infant mattresses and sudden infant death syndrome in Scotland: case-control study. BMJ. 2002;325:1007–1012
  36. Carlins EM, Collins KS. Cribs for kids: risk and reduction of sudden infant death syndrome and accidental suffocation. Health Soc Work. 2007;32:225–229
  37. Ryan AS, Zhou W. Lower breastfeeding rates persist among the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children participants, 1978-2003. Pediatrics. 2006;117:1136–1146
  38. Heinig MJ, Banuelos J. American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) statement on SIDS reduction: friend or foe of breastfeeding?. J Hum Lact. 2005;22:7–10
  39. L'Hoir MP, Engelberts AC, van Well GTJ, Westers P, Mellenbergh GJ, Wolters WHG, et al. Case-control study of current validity of previously described risk factors for SIDS in the Netherlands. Arch Dis Child. 1998;79:386–393
  40. Mitchell EA, Tuohy PG, Brunt JM, Thompson JMD, Clements MS, Stewart AW, et al. Risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome following the prevention campaign in New Zealand: a prospective study. Pediatrics. 1997;100:835–840
  41. Wennergren G, Alm B, Oyen N, et al. The decline in the incidence of SIDS in Scandinavia and its relation to risk-intervention campaigns (Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study). Acta Paediatr. 1997;86:963–968
  42. Online Analytical Statistical Information System (OASIS). Georgia Department of Human Services, Division of Public Health, Office of Health Information and Policy. http://oasis.state.ga.usAccessed Mar 4, 2008
  43. Nelson EA, Taylor BJ, Jenik A, Vance J, Walmsley K, Pollard K, et al. International child care practices study: infant sleeping environment. Early Hum Develop. 2001;62:43–55
  44. Davies DP. Cot death in Hong Kong: a rare problem?. Lancet. 1985;2:1346–1349
  45. Nelson EAS, Taylor BJ. International child care practices study: infant sleep position and parental smoking. Early Hum Develop. 2001;64:7–20

 Supported in part by grants from the NIH, National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities, DC-Baltimore Research Center on Child Health Disparities (# 5P20MD00165) and the National Institute for Child Health and Disease (#U10 HD029067-09A1. None of the authors have conflicts of interest or corporate sponsors related to this manuscript.

PII: S0022-3476(08)00385-5

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.05.004

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 153, Issue 4 , Pages 503-508 , October 2008