The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 153, Issue 4 , Pages 498-502.e2 , October 2008

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Changing Epidemiologic Patterns in California 1989-2004

  • Ruey-Kang R. Chang, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Dr. Ruey-Kang Chang, Harbor-UCLA Pediatric Cardiology, 1000 West Carson Street, Box 491, Torrance, CA 90509
    • ,
  • Thomas G. Keens, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
    • ,
  • Sandra Rodriguez, MS

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
    • ,
  • Alex Y. Chen, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA

Received 19 December 2007 ,Revised 19 March 2008 ,Accepted 4 April 2008.

References 

  1. Willinger M, James LS, Catz C. Defining the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS): deliberations of an expert panel convened by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Pediatr Pathol. 1991;11:677–684
  2. Premature mortality due to sudden infant death syndrome: United States, 1980-1986. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1987;36:236–238
  3. Nelson EA, Taylor BJ, Mackay SC. Child care practices and the sudden infant death syndrome. Aust Paediatr J. 1989;25:202–206
  4. Fleming PJ, Gilbert R, Azaz Y, Berry PJ, Rudd PT, Stewart A, et al. Interaction between bedding and sleeping position in the sudden infant death syndrome: a population-based case-control study. BMJ. 1990;301:85–89
  5. Beal SM, Finch CF. An overview of retrospective case-control studies investigating the relationship between prone sleeping position and SIDS. J Paediatr Child Health. 1991;27:334–339
  6. Dwyer T, Ponsonby AL, Gibbons LE, Newman NM. Prone sleeping position and SIDS: evidence from recent case-control and cohort studies in Tasmania. J Paediatr Child Health. 1991;27:340–343
  7. Dwyer T, Ponsonby AL, Newman NM, Gibbons LE. Prospective cohort study of prone sleeping position and sudden infant death syndrome. Lancet. 1991;337:1244–1247
  8. American Academy of Pediatrics AAP Task Force on Infant Positioning and SIDS. Positioning and SIDS. Pediatrics. 1992;89:1120–1126
  9. Kattwinkel J, Brooks J, Keenan ME, Malloy M. Infant sleep position and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in the United States: joint commentary from the American Academy of Pediatrics and selected agencies of the Federal Government. Pediatrics. 1994;93:820
  10. Goldman MB. Sudden infant death syndrome: back to sleep campaign. Caring. 1994;13:52–55
  11. American Academy of Pediatrics. Task Force on Infant Sleep Position and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (Changing concepts of sudden infant death syndrome: implications for infant sleeping environment and sleep position). Pediatrics. 2000;105:650–656
  12. Ponsonby AL, Dwyer T, Kasl SV, Cochrane JA, Newman NM. An assessment of the impact of public health activities to reduce the prevalence of the prone sleeping position during infancy: the Tasmanian Cohort Study. Prev Med. 1994;23:402–408
  13. Adams EJ, Chavez GF, Steen D, Shah R, Iyasu S, Krous HF. Changes in the epidemiologic profile of sudden infant death syndrome as rates decline among California infants: 1990-1995. Pediatrics. 1998;102:1445–1451
  14. Alm B, Norvenius SG, Wennergren G, Skjaerven R, Oyen N, Milerad J, et al. Changes in the epidemiology of sudden infant death syndrome in Sweden 1973-1996. Arch Dis Child. 2001;84:24–30
  15. Arnestad M, Andersen M, Vege A, Rognum TO. Changes in the epidemiological pattern of sudden infant death syndrome in southeast Norway, 1984-1998: implications for future prevention and research. Arch Dis Child. 2001;85:108–115
  16. Malloy MH, Freeman DH. Age at death, season, and day of death as indicators of the effect of the back to sleep program on sudden infant death syndrome in the United States, 1992-1999. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2004;158:359–365
  17. Pollack HA. Changes in the timing of SIDS deaths in 1989 and 1999: indirect evidence of low homicide prevalence among reported cases. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2006;20:2–13
  18. Mitchell EA, Hutchison L, Stewart AW. The continuing decline in SIDS mortality. Arch Dis Child. 2007;92:625–626
  19. Blair PS, Sidebotham P, Berry PJ, Evans M, Fleming PJ. Major epidemiological changes in sudden infant death syndrome: a 20-year population-based study in the UK. Lancet. 2006;367:314–319
  20. American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The changing concept of sudden infant death syndrome: diagnostic coding shifts, controversies regarding the sleeping environment, and new variables to consider in reducing risk. Pediatrics. 2005;116:1245–1255
  21. Malloy MH, MacDorman M. Changes in the classification of sudden unexpected infant deaths: United States, 1992-2001. Pediatrics. 2005;115:1247–1253
  22. Malloy MH. Sudden infant death syndrome among extremely preterm infants: United States 1997-1999. J Perinatol. 2004;24:181–187
  23. Leach CE, Blair PS, Fleming PJ, Smith IJ, Platt MW, Berry PJ, et al. Epidemiology of SIDS and explained sudden infant deaths: CESDI SUDI Research Group. Pediatrics. 1999;104:e43
  24. Hoffman HJ, Hillman LS. Epidemiology of the sudden infant death syndrome: maternal, neonatal, and postneonatal risk factors. Clin Perinatol. 1992;19:717–737
  25. Moon RY, Patel KM, Shaefer SJ. Sudden infant death syndrome in child care settings. Pediatrics. 2000;106:295–300
  26. Moon RY, Biliter WM. Infant sleep position policies in licensed child care centers after back to sleep campaign. Pediatrics. 2000;106:576–580
  27. Spiers PS, Guntheroth WG. The effect of the weekend on the risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics. 1999;104:e58
  28. Fleming P, Blair PS. Sudden infant death syndrome and parental smoking. Early Hum Dev. 2007;83:721–725
  29. Byard RW, Beal SM. Has changing diagnostic preference been responsible for the recent fall in incidence of sudden infant death syndrome in South Australia?. J Paediatr Child Health. 1995;31:197–199

 The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.

PII: S0022-3476(08)00294-1

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.04.022

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 153, Issue 4 , Pages 498-502.e2 , October 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution