The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 150, Issue 5 , Pages 459-460 , May 2007

Childhood Onset Bipolar Disorder: A Role for Early Recognition and Treatment

  • Russell E. Scheffer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Russell E. Scheffer, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226.

References 

  1. Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62:593–602
  2. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62:617–627
  3. Kessler RC, Demler O, Frank RG, Olfson M, Pincus HA, Walters EE, et al. Prevalence and treatment of mental disorders, 1990 to 2003. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:2515–2523
  4. Lish JD, Dime-Meenan S, Whybrow PC, Price RA, Hirschfeld RM. The National Depressive and Manic-depressive Association (DMDA) survey of bipolar members. J Affect Disord. 1994;31:281–294
  5. Perlis RH, Miyahara S, Marangell LB, Wisniewski SR, Ostacher M, DelBello MP, et al. Long-term implications of early onset in bipolar disorder: data from the first 1000 participants in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder (STEP-BD). Biol Psychiatry. 2004;55:875–881
  6. Geller B, Zimerman B, Williams M, Bolhofner K, Craney JL. Bipolar disorder at prospective follow-up of adults who had prepubertal major depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158:125–127
  7. Calabrese JR, Hirschfeld RM, Frye MA, Reed ML. Impact of depressive symptoms compared with manic symptoms in bipolar disorder: results of a U.S. community-based sample. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65:1499–1504
  8. Leverich GS, Post RM, Keck PE, Altshuler LL, Frye MA, Kupka RW, et al. The poor prognosis of childhood onset bipolar disorder: the need for earlier recognition and treatment. J Pediatr. 2007;150:485–490
  9. Geller B, Craney JL, Bolhofner K, Nickelsburg MJ, Williams M, Zimerman B. Two-year prospective follow-up of children with a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:927–933
  10. Geller B, Tillman R, Craney JL, Bolhofner K. Four-year prospective outcome and natural history of mania in children with a prepubertal and early adolescent bipolar disorder phenotype. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61:459–467
  11. Post RM, Luckenbaugh DA, Leverich GS. Increased rate of childhood onset bipolar illness in the US compared with two European countries. Brit J Psychiatry. In Press.

PII: S0022-3476(07)00184-9

doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.02.058

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 150, Issue 5 , Pages 459-460 , May 2007

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