Meral Gunay-Aygun, MD, Ellis D. Avner, MD, Robert L. Bacallao, MD, Peter L. Choyke, MD, Joseph T. Flynn, MD, MS, Gregory G. Germino, MD, Lisa Guay-Woodford, MD, Peter Harris, PhD, Theo Heller, MD, Julie Ingelfinger, MD, Frederick Kaskel, MD, PhD, Robert Kleta, MD, PhD, Nicholas F. LaRusso, MD, Parvathi Mohan, MD, Gregory J. Pazour, PhD, Benjamin L. Shneider, MD, Vicente E. Torres, MD, PhD, Patricia Wilson, PhD, Colleen Zak, RN, Jing Zhou, MD, PhD, and William A. Gahl, MD, PhD, Bethesda and Baltimore, Maryland, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Indianapolis, Indiana, New York, New York, Birmingham, Alabama, Rochester, Minnesota, Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts, and Washington, DC

Original articles

BELIEFS ABOUT THE APPROPRIATE AGE FOR INITIATING TOILET TRAINING: ARE THERE RACIAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES? 165

Ivor B. Horn, MD, MPH, Ruth Brenner, MD, MPH, Malla Rao, DrPH, MEngg, and Tina L. Cheng, MD, MPH, Washington, DC, and Bethesda and Baltimore, Maryland

GRADES I-II INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMORRHAGE IN EXTREMELY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT INFANTS: EFFECTS ON NEURODEVELOPMENT 169

Kousiki Patra, MD, Deanne Wilson-Costello, MD, H. Gerry Taylor, PhD, Nori Mercuri-Minich, BS, and Maureen Hack, MB, ChB, Cleveland, Ohio

EARLY BISPHOSPHONATE TREATMENT IN INFANTS WITH SEVERE OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA 174

Franco Antoniazzi, MD, Giorgio Zamboni, MD, Silvana Lauriola, MD, Luisa Donadi, MD, Silvano Adami, MD, and Luciano Tatò, MD, Verona, Italy

THEOPHYLLINE FOR RENAL FUNCTION IN TERM NEONATES WITH PERINATAL ASPHYXIA: A RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL 180

Mushtaq A. Bhat, MD, Zaffar A. Shah, PhD, Mudasir S. Makhdoomi, DCH, and Masood H. Mufti, MD, Kashmir, India

THE ASSOCIATION OF MATERNAL OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY WITH BREASTFEEDING DURATION 185

Wendy Hazel Oddy, PhD, MPH, BappSci, Jianghong Li, PhD, MSc, BA, Linda Landsborough, BSc (Nursing), RN, RM, IBCLC, Garth Edward Kendall, PhD, MPH, RN, Saras Henderson, PhD, Med, RN, and Jill Downie, PhD, MSc, RN, Perth, Australia

NEUROCOGNITIVE FINDINGS IN PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME AND EARLY-ONSET MORBID OBESITY 192

Jennifer Miller, MD, John Kranzler, PhD, Yijun Liu, PhD, Ilona Schmalfuss, MD, Douglas W. Theriaque, MS, Jonathan J. Shuster, PhD, Ann Hatfield, MD, O. Thomas Mueller, PhD, Anthony P. Goldstone, MRCP, PhD, Trilochan Sahoo, MD, Arthur L. Beaudet, MD, and Daniel J. Driscoll, PhD, MD, Gainesville and St Petersburg, Florida, and Houston, Texas

GHRELIN LEVELS IN YOUNG CHILDREN WITH PRADER-WILLI SYNDROME 199

Christine R. Erdie-Lalena, MD, Vanja A. Holm, MD, Patrick C. Kelly, DO, R. Scott Frayo, BS, and David E. Cummings, MD, Fort Lewis and Seattle, Washington

50 YEARS AGO IN THE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS—INTRAMUSCULAR IRON FOR THE TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN INFANTS 204

George R. Buchanan, MD, Dallas, Texas

SOMATIC GROWTH AFTER VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT IN MALNOURISHED INFANTS 205

Balu Vaidyanathan, DM, Stephen J. Roth, MD, MPH, Kimberlee Gauvreau, ScD, Krishnanaik Shivaprakasha, McH, Suresh G. Rao, McH, and R Krishna Kumar, DM, FACC, Kerala, India, Palo Alto, California, and Boston, Massachusetts

COMPARISON OF CLASSIFICATIONS FOR HEART FAILURE IN CHILDREN UNDERGOING VALVULAR SURGERY 210

Pierre Tissières, MD, MSc, Yacine Aggoun, MD, Eduardo Da Cruz, MD, Jorge Sierra, MD, Noury Mensi, PhD, Afksendyios Kalangos, MD, PhD, and Maurice Beghetti, MD, Geneva, Switzerland

EVALUATION OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA USING IMPEDANCE–PH MONITORING 216

Adria A. Condino, DO, Judith Sondheimer, MD, Zhaoxing Pan, PhD, Jane Gralla, PhD, Darryl Perry, BS, and Judith A. O’Connor, MD, Denver, Colorado

ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AND EXHALED NITRIC OXIDE IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA 220

Adam J. Spanier, MD, MPH, Richard Hornung, DrPH, Michelle Lierl, MD, and Bruce P. Lanphear, MD, MPH, Cincinnati, Ohio

50 YEARS AGO IN THE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS—A SYNDROME SIMULATING ENCEPHALITIS AFFECTING CHILDREN RECOVERING FROM MALNUTRITION 226

Bankole Osuntokun, MD, Cincinnati, Ohio

OPTIMAL CONTROL OF TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS IN YOUTH RECEIVING INTENSIVE TREATMENT 227

Dena Springer, MD, James Dziura, PhD, William V. Tamborlane, MD, Amy T. Steffen, BS, JoAnn H. Ahern, MSN, APRN, Miranda Vincent, MSN, APRN, and Stuart A Weinzimer, MD, New Haven, Connecticut

TESTICULAR MICROLITHIASIS IN PATIENTS WITH DOWN SYNDROME 233

Linda Vachon, MD, Gerard E. Fareau, MD, Miriam G. Wilson, MD, and Linda S. Chan, PhD, Los Angeles, California

PREDICTION OF RESISTANCE TO INTRAVENOUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH KAWASAKI DISEASE 237

Kimiyasu Egami, MD, Hiromi Muta, MD, Masahiro Ishii, MD, Kenji Suda, MD, Yoko Sugahara, MD, Motofumi Iemura, MD, and Toyojiro Matsuishi, MD, Kurume and Sagamihara, Japan

EARLY PREDNISONE THERAPY IN HENOCH-SCHöNLEIN PURPURA: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL 241

Jaana Ronkainen, MD, Olli Koskimies, MD, Marja Ala-Houhala, MD, Marjatta Antikainen, MD, Jussi Merenmies, MD, Jukka Rajantie, MD, Timo Örmälä, MD, Juha Turtinen, MSc, and Matti Nuutinen, MD, Oulu, Helsinki, Tampere, Espoo, and Kuopio, Finland

CONGENITAL LOCALIZED SCLERODERMA 248

Francesco Zulian, MD, Cristina Vallongo, MD, Sheila Knupp Feitosa de Oliveira, MD, Marilynn G. Punaro, MD, Joan Ros, MD, Henryka Mazur-Zielinska, MD, Paul Galea, MD, Liviana Da Dalt, MD, and Lawrence F. Eichenfield, MD, Padua, Italy, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Dallas, Texas, Barcelona, Spain, Zabrze, Poland, Glasgow, United Kingdom, and San Diego, California

BEYOND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY: ASSESSING SERIOUSLY DISRUPTIVE STUDENTS IN SCHOOL SETTINGS 252

Nancy Rappaport, MD, Lois T. Flaherty, MD, and Stuart T. Hauser, MD, PhD, Boston, Massachusetts, and Baltimore, Maryland

VALIDITY OF THE REVISED IMPACT ON FAMILY (IOF) SCALE 257

Arthur R. Williams, PhD, MA (Econ), MPA, Ubolrat Piamjariyakul, PhD, RN, Phoebe D. Williams, PhD, RN, FAAN, Sandra K. Bruggeman, BS, and Rosa L. Cabanela, PhD, Rochester, Minnesota, and Kansas City, Kansas

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Special article

PEDIATRIC WORKFORCE: A LOOK AT PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY DATA FROM THE AMERICAN BOARD OF PEDIATRICS 262

Linda A. Althouse, PhD, and James A. Stockman, III, MD, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

50 YEARS AGO IN THE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS—PORTAL HYPERTENSION IN A CHILD DIAGNOSED BY SPLENOPORTOGRAM 264

Kathleen M. Campbell, MD, Cincinnati, Ohio

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Clinical and laboratory observations

PHYSICIAN DOCUMENTATION OF NEONATAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR PERINATAL INFECTIONS 265

Praveen Kumar, MBBS, DCH, MD, Chicago, Illinois

SALT-WASTING 21-HYDROXYLASE DEFICIENCY CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA AND PYLORIC STENOSIS IN TWO HISPANIC BROTHERS 268

Pisit Pitukcheewanont, MD, Saroj Nimkarn, MD, Juliana Austin, MD, Zadok Sack, and Lynda K. Fisher, MD, Los Angeles, California, and Milwaukee, Wisconsin

VARIABLE PRESENTATION OF PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY ASSOCIATED WITH THE D564G MUTATION OF THE LHCGR GENE IN CHILDREN WITH TESTOTOXICOSIS 271

George S. Jeha, MD, Elizabeth D. Lowenthal, MD, Wai-Yee Chan, PhD, Shao-Ming Wu, PhD, and Lefkothea P. Karaviti, MD, PhD, Houston, Texas, Bethesda, Maryland, and Washington, DC

PEDIATRIC REFERENCE INTERVALS FOR UNCOMMON BLEEDING AND THROMBOTIC DISORDERS 275

Michele M. Flanders, BS, Amit R. Phansalkar, MS, Ronda A. Crist, BS, William L. Roberts, MD, PhD, and George M. Rodgers, MD, PhD, Salt Lake City, Utah

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Insights

ACCESSORY MALE PSEUDOGENITALIA? 278

Imad R. Makhoul, MD, DSc, Gideon Shoshany, MD, Ruth Gershoni-Baruch, MD, Benjamin Hardak, MD, and Diana Gaitini, MD, Haifa, Israel

NON-TRAUMATIC NASOPHARYNGEAL SUCTION IN PREMATURE NEWBORN INFANTS WITH UPPER AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION FROM SECRETIONS FOLLOWING NASAL CPAP 279

Dan Waisman, MD, Haifa, Israel

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Letters

THE MITOCHONDRIAL DNA A3243A>G MUTATION MUST BE AN INFREQUENT CAUSE OF ASPERGER SYNDROME 280

Lindsey Kent, PhD, MRCP, Claire Lambert, BSc, Angela Pyle, PhD, Hannah Elliott, MRES, Sally Wheelwright, PhD, Simon Baron-Cohen, PhD, and Patrick F. Chinnery, MRCP, Cambridge and Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

CHRONIC ARTHRITIS WITHOUT UVEITIS IN VELOCARDIOFACIAL SYNDROME 281

Randy Q. Cron, MD, PhD, and Kathleen E. Sullivan, MD, PhD, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania