The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 119, Issue 4 , Pages 548-550 , October 1991

Evaluation of the erythrocyte protoporphyrin test as a screen for elevated blood lead levels

    DVM, MPH
  • Michael D. McElvaine

      Affiliations

    • Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    • City of Chicago Department of Health, Chicago, Illinois USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Michael D. McElvaine, DVM, MPH, Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, Centers for Disease Control, Mail Stop F-28, 1600 Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30333.
    • , PhD
  • Hyman G. Orbach

      Affiliations

    • Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    • City of Chicago Department of Health, Chicago, Illinois USA
    • , MD
  • Sue Binder

      Affiliations

    • Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    • City of Chicago Department of Health, Chicago, Illinois USA
    • , PhD
  • Lorry A. Blanksma

      Affiliations

    • Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    • City of Chicago Department of Health, Chicago, Illinois USA
    • , PhD
  • Edmond F. Maes

      Affiliations

    • Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    • City of Chicago Department of Health, Chicago, Illinois USA
    • , PhD
  • Richard M. Krieg

      Affiliations

    • Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, Center for Environmental Health and Injury Control, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
    • City of Chicago Department of Health, Chicago, Illinois USA

Received 3 April 1991 ,Accepted 20 June 1991.

References 

  1. Centers for Disease Control . Preventing lead poisoning in young children: a statement by the Centers for Disease Control. In: CDC Report No. 99-2230. Atlanta, Ga.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1985;
  2. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry . The nature and extent of lead poisoning in children in the United States: a report to Congress. Atlanta, Ga.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1988;
  3. California Department of Health Services . Childhood lead poisoning in California, extent, causes and prevention: report to the California State Legislature. Sacramento, Calif.: State of California Health and Welfare Agency; 1991;
  4. Mushak P, Davis JM, Crocetti AF, Grant LD. In: Prenatal and postnatal effects of low-level lead exposure: integrated summary of a report to the U.S. Congress on childhood lead poisoning. Environ Res. 50:1989;p. 11–36
  5. Piomelli S, Seaman C, Zullow D, Curran A, Davidow B. Threshold for lead damage to heme synthesis in urban children. In: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 79:1982;p. 3335–3339
  6. Hammond PB, Bornschein RL, Succop P. Dose-effect and dose-response relationships of blood lead to erythrocytic protoporphyrin in young children. Environ Res. 1985;38:187–196
  7. Lamola AA, Joselow M, Yamane T. Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP): a simple, sensitive, fluorometric screening test for lead poisoning. Clin Chem. 1975;21:93–97
  8. Blanksma L. Lead: atomic absorption method. In: Levinson SA, MacFate RP editor. Clinical laboratory diagnosis. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1969;p. 461–464
  9. Mahaffey KR, Annest JL. Association of erythrocyte protoporphyrin with blood lead level and iron status in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1976–1980. Environ Res. 1986;41:327–338
  10. Marcus AH, Schwartz J. Dose-response curves for erythrocyte protoporphyrin vs blood lead: effects of iron status. Environ Res. 1987;44:221–227

* Presented in part at the 1990 Epidemic Intelligence Service Conference, April 23–27, 1990, Atlanta, Ga.The authors of this article are solely responsible for all analysis and interpretation of the data presented here.

PII: S0022-3476(05)82402-3

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 119, Issue 4 , Pages 548-550 , October 1991

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