The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 141, Issue 4 , Pages 582-586 , October 2002

The risk of postthrombotic syndrome in children with congenital heart disease

Received 16 October 2001 ,Revised 4 March 2002 ,Accepted 6 June 2002.

References 

  1. MacMahon B, McKeown T, Record RG. The incidence and life expectation of children with congenital heart disease. Br Heart J. 1953;15:121–129
  2. Perloff JK. Longevity in congenital heart disease: A tribute to pediatric cardiology. J Pediatr. 1993;122:S49–S58
  3. Meijboom FJ, Szatmari A, Deckers JW, Utens EMWJ, Roelandt JRTC, Bos E, et al.  Health status long-term after open heart surgery for congenital heart disease in infancy or childhood. In:  Meiboom FJ editors. Long-term outcome after surgery for congenital heart disease in infancy and childhood. Alblasserdam (The Netherlands): Drukkerij Haveka BV; 1995;p. 75–87
  4. Utens EM, Verhulst FC, Duivenvoorden HJ, Meijboom FJ, Erdman RA, Hess J. Prediction of behavioural and emotional problems in children and adolescents with operated congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:801–807
  5. Findlow D, Doyle E. Congenital heart disease in adults. Br J Anaesth. 1997;78:416–430
  6. Laurin S, Lundström NR. Venous thrombosis after cardiac catheterization in infants. Acta Radiol. 1987;28:241–246
  7. Celermajer DS, Robinson JTC, Taylor JFN. Vascular access in previously catheterised children and adolescents: A prospective study of 131 consecutive cases. Br Heart J. 1993;70:554–557
  8. Miga DE, McKellar LF, Denslow S, Wiles HB, Case CL, Gillette PC. Incidence of femoral vein occlusion after catheter ablation in children: Evaluation with magnetic resonance angiography. Pediatr Cardiol. 1997;18:204–207
  9. Kirkpatrick SE, Takahashi M, Petry EL, Stanton RE, Lurie PR. Percutaneous heart catheterization in infants and children. Circulation. 1970;42:1049–1056
  10. Cohn HE, Freed MD, Hellenbrand WF, Fyler DC. Complications and mortality associated with cardiac catheterization in infants under one year: A prospective study. Pediatr Cardiol. 1985;6:123–131
  11. Moore RA, McNicholas KW, Naidech H, Flicker S, Gallagher JD. Clinically silent venous thrombosis following internal and external jugular central venous cannulation in pediatric cardiac patients. Anesthesiology. 1985;62:640–643
  12. Petäjä J, Lundström U, Sairanen H, Marttinen E, Griffin JH. Central venous thrombosis after cardiac operations in children. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996;112:883–889
  13. Leizorovicz A. Long-term consequences of deep vein thrombosis. Thromb Haemost. 1998;28(suppl 3):1–7
  14. Porter JM, Moneta GL. Reporting standards in venous disease: An update. J Vasc Surg. 1995;21:635–645
  15. Prandoni P, Lensing AWA, Cogo A, Cuppini S, Villalta S, Carta M, et al.  The long-term clinical course of acute deep venous thrombosis. Ann Intern Med. 1996;125:1–7
  16. Bauer G. A roentgenological and clinical study of the sequels of thrombosis. Acta Chir Scand. 1942;74(suppl):1–118
  17. Brandjes DPM, Büller HR, Heijboer H, Huisman MV, de Rijk M, Jagt H, et al.  Randomised trial of effect of compression stockings in patients with symptomatic proximal-vein thrombosis. Lancet. 1997;349:759–762
  18. Nielsen G, Lorentzen JE. Venous bloodflow in the leg after ligation of the femoral vein during cardiac catheterization in young children. Pediatr Cardiol. 1986;6:179–181
  19. van Bemmelen PS, Bedfort G, Beach K, Strandness DE. Quantitative segmental evaluation of venous valvular reflux with duplex ultrasound scanning. J Vasc Surg. 1989;10:425–431
  20. London NJM, Nash R. Varicose veins. BMJ. 2000;320:1391–1394
  21. Labropoulos N, Leon M, Nicolaides AN, Giannoukas AD, Volteas N, Chan P. Superficial venous insufficiency: Correlation of anatomic extent of reflux with clinical symptoms and signs. J Vasc Surg. 1994;20:953–958
  22. Haenen JH, Janssen MCH, van Langen H, van Asten WNJC, Wollersheim H, van ‘t Hof MA, et al.  The postthrombotic syndrome in relation to venous hemodynamics, as measured by means of duplex scanning and strain-gauge plethysmography. J Vasc Surg. 1999;29:1071–1076
  23. Van Bemmelen PS, Bedford G, Beach K, Strandness DE. Status of the valves in the superficial and deep venous system in chronic venous disease. Surgery. 1990;109:730–734
  24. Manco-Johnson MJ, Nuss R, Hays T, Krupski W, Drose J, Manco-Johnson ML. Combined thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy for venous thrombosis in children. J Pediatr. 2000;136:446–453

☆ Reprint requests: C. Heleen van Ommen, MD, Department of Pediatric Hematology, University of Amsterdam Academic Medical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital AMC, PO Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

PII: S0022-3476(02)00146-4

doi: 10.1067/mpd.2002.127276

The Journal of Pediatrics
Volume 141, Issue 4 , Pages 582-586 , October 2002

Article Tools